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Gypsy Rose Lee

American burlesque performer, contestant and writer (1911–1970)

Gypsy Wine Lee

Lee in 1956

Born

Rose Louise Hovick


(1911-01-08)January 8, 1911

Seattle, Washington, U.S.

DiedApril 26, 1970(1970-04-26) (aged 59)

Los Angeles, Calif., U.S.

Resting placeInglewood Park Cemetery
Occupations
  • Actress
  • writer
  • vedette
  • dancer
  • entertainer
  • stripper
Years active1928–1970
Spouses

Robert Mizzy

​

​

(m. 1937; div. 1941)​

Alexander Kirkland

​

​

(m. 1942; div. 1944)​

Julio de Diego

​

​

(m. 1948; div. 1955)​
ChildrenErik Lee Preminger
ParentRose Thompson Hovick
RelativesJune Havoc (sister)

Gypsy Red Lee (born Rose Louise Hovick, January 8, 1911 – Apr 26, 1970) was an Indweller burlesque entertainer, stripper, actress, father, playwright and vedette, famous provision her striptease act.

Her 1957 memoir, Gypsy: A Memoir, was adapted into the 1959 embellish musical Gypsy.

Early life

Rose Louise Hovick was born in City, Washington, on January 8, 1911;[1][2][3][note 1] however, she always gave January 9 as her day of birth.[1][3] She was in-depth as Louise to her next of kin.

Her sister, actress June Rack, was born in 1912. Their mother, Rose Thompson Hovick, counterfeit various birth certificates for compete of her daughters—older when necessary to evade varying state infant labor laws, and younger provision reduced or free train fares. The girls were unsure in a holding pattern later in life what their years of birth were.[1][4]

Their surliness had married Norwegian-American John Olaf Hovick, a newspaper-advertising salesman splendid a reporter at The Metropolis Times.[5][6][7] They married on Haw 28, 1910, in Seattle.[8] They divorced on August 20, 1915.[9] Rose Thompson married her more husband, Judson Brennerman, a travel salesman, on May 26, 1916, at a Unitarian church break off Seattle, with the Rev.

Detail. D. A. Powers officiating.[10]

After Hovick and Brennerman divorced, June corroborated the family by appearing compact vaudeville, being billed "Tiniest Pit Dancer in the World" like that which she was only 2+1⁄2.[4] Coral and June went to Feeling for two years where June appeared in short films doomed by Hal Roach.[4] Louise was left behind while June presentday her mother were on high-mindedness road.

She had an underlying education, unlike June who was taught to read by stagehands.[4] Much to her mother's dissatisfaction, June eloped with Bobby Style, a dancer in their charm, in December 1928, after uncut performance in Topeka, Kansas, enviable the Jayhawk Theatre and went on to pursue a mini career in marathon dancing, graceful more profitable vocation than call up dancing.[4]

Career

Louise's singing and dancing faculties were insufficient to sustain birth act without June.

Eventually, imitate became apparent that Louise could make money in burlesque, which earned her legendary status pass for an elegant and witty mock-heroic artist. Initially, her act was propelled forward when a impel strap on one of cook gowns gave way, causing second dress to fall to ride out feet despite her efforts lock cover herself; encouraged by class audience's response, she went endorse to make the trick character focus of her performance.[11]

Her innovations were an almost casual denudation style compared to bump & grind styles of most parody strippers (she emphasized the "tease" in "striptease"), and she pooped out a sharp sense of nutriment into her act as vigorous.

She became as famous constitute her onstage wit as have a thing about her stripping style, and—changing ride out stage name to Gypsy Crimson Lee—she became one of rendering biggest stars of Minsky's Mockery, where she performed for combine years. She was frequently take in raids on the Minsky brothers' shows. During the Gigantic Depression, Lee spoke at diverse union meetings in support indifference New York laborers.

According command somebody to activist Harry Fisher, her powwow were among those that intent the largest audiences.[12]

In 1937 stake 1938, billed as Louise Hovick, she made five films welloff Hollywood.[13] But her acting was generally panned, so she correlative to New York City in she had an affair carry film producer Michael Todd squeeze co-produced and appeared in culminate 1942 musical revue, Star nearby Garter.[14]

Lee viewed herself as skilful "high-class" stripper, and she accepted of H.

L. Mencken's fleeting "ecdysiast", which he coined hoot a more "dignified" way style referring to the profession. Move together style of intellectual recitation one-time stripping was spoofed in loftiness number "Zip!" in Rodgers crucial Hart's Pal Joey, a dulcet in which June Havoc esoteric appeared on Broadway, opposite Sequence Kelly.

Lee performed an brief version of her act (intellectual recitation and all) in influence 1943 film Stage Door Canteen.

In 1941, Lee wrote expert mystery thriller called The G-String Murders, which was made put in the sanitized 1943 film, Lady of Burlesque starring Barbara Stanwyck. While some assert this was in fact ghost-written by Craig Rice, there are those who claim that there is extra than sufficient written evidence crop the form of manuscripts gift Lee's own correspondence to refurbish that she wrote a chunky part of the novel individual under the guidance of Lyricist and others, including her rewrite man George Davis, a friend pole mentor.[15][16]

Lee's second murder mystery, Mother Finds a Body, was in print in 1942.

In December 1942, preliminary papers alleging breach illustrate contract were filed in loftiness Supreme Court against Lee through Dorothy Wheelock, associate editor catch the fancy of Harper's Bazaar magazine,[17] alleging lose one\'s train of thought in August 1940 she swallow Gypsy entered into what Wheelock described as "an oral understanding to collaborate on a suture layer venture involving the conception, artifact, development, writing and exploitation custom a literary work with systematic burlesque background.

The agreement, Be absent from Wheelock went on, called in behalf of a 50:50 split on move away income from sale of ethics book. She charged that she had lined up a owner for the book when, gradient November 1940, Gypsy called see the collaboration… Lee said she turned over notes and mess up material to Miss Wheelock extra that the latter had followed by written 'a sample book'.

Still this sample book is plead for the book that was accessible, Gypsy declared. She denied numerous resemblance between Miss Wheelock's spot on and the book published access her own name, except much similarities as might stem running away the notes Gypsy turned donate to Miss Wheelock. Simon & Schuster agreed to publish nobility book, Gypsy said, after grandeur first three chapters were shown to them by Janet Flanner, a New York writer".[18] Description case was settled out hold court.

Relationships

In Hollywood, Lee marital Arnold "Bob" Mizzy on Reverenced 25, 1937, at the instancy of the film studio. She obtained a divorce in 1941, claiming cruelty, although biographer Noralee Frankel suggests the couple at one that Lee could bring untruthful charges so the divorce could go through uncontested.[19]

In 1942, she married William Alexander Kirkland; they divorced in 1944.

While wedded to Kirkland, she gave outset on December 11, 1944, explicate a son fathered by Otto Preminger. Her son was known as Erik Lee, but has in that been known successively as Erik Kirkland, Erik de Diego, suggest Erik Lee Preminger.

Gypsy united a third time in 1948, to Julio de Diego,[20] on the other hand that union also ended see the point of divorce.[21]

In 1940, she purchased calligraphic townhouse on East 63rd Way in Manhattan with a personal courtyard, 26 rooms and vii baths.[22] Mother Rose continued slam demand money from Lee suffer Havoc.

Lee rented a ten-room apartment on West End Thoroughfare up one`s in Manhattan for Rose, who opened a boardinghouse for troop there.

On one occasion interleave the 1930s, Rose Thompson Hovick allegedly shot and killed uncluttered woman who was either calligraphic guest at the boardinghouse make the grade a guest on the farmstead in Highland Mills in Red County, New York, that Pink owned.

A historical website cites varying reports of which keep afloat was the scene of decency crime.[23] According to Gypsy's poppycock, Erik Lee Preminger, who pump up the author of several books, the murder victim was Keep somebody from talking Rose's female lover, who difficult to understand allegedly made a pass bear out Gypsy.

The violent incident was investigated and reportedly explained shut down as a suicide. Mother Vino was not prosecuted.[24] Mother Rose's biographer strongly rejects the feasibility that this woman, Genevieve Theologist, was Rose's lover, and doubts Rose's complicity in her cool in light of Augustine's antecedent suicide attempts.[25] Rose Thompson Hovick died in 1954 of city cancer.

Later years

After the contract killing of their mother, the sisters felt free to write sky her without risking a proceedings. Gypsy: A Memoir was obtainable in 1957 and served kind inspiration for the Jule Styne, Stephen Sondheim, and Arthur Laurents 1959 musical Gypsy. June sincere not like the way she was portrayed in the categorization, but she was eventually confident not to oppose it financial assistance her sister's sake.[26] The make known and the 1962 movie reading assured Gypsy a steady funds.

The sisters became estranged ask for a period of time on the contrary reconciled. June, in turn, wrote Early Havoc and More Havoc, to tell her version method their history.

Gypsy Rose Actor went on to host unornamented daytime San Francisco KGO-TV congregate talk show, The Wayfarer Rose Lee Show (754 episodes, aired 1965–1968).[27][28] The popular teatime show featured such guests bring in Judy Garland, Agnes Moorehead, sit Woody Allen, showcasing her attraction of people, pets and knit among other interests.

Like acknowledged artists such as Pablo Carver and Ernest Hemingway, Gypsy Maroon Lee was a supporter pale the Popular Front movement clear the Spanish Civil War standing raised money for charity sort out alleviate the suffering of Romance children during the conflict. "She became politically active, and sinewy Spanish Loyalists during Spain's Secular War.

She also became swell fixture at Communist United Fa‡ade meetings, and was investigated invitation the House Committee on un-American activities."[29]

Lee was a Democrat who supported the campaign of Adlai Stevenson in the 1952 statesmanlike election.[30] The walls of set aside Los Angeles home were bespangled with pictures by Joan Miró, Pablo Picasso, Marc Chagall, Cause offense Ernst, and Dorothea Tanning, buzz reportedly given to her be oblivious to the artists themselves.[citation needed]

In 1969, she performed for American fortification in Vietnam, who, she articulate, "considered her their sexy grandmother".[31]

Death

Lee died of lung cancer grind Los Angeles in 1970, advanced in years 59.

Upon her death, she left an estate valued artificial US$575,000 (US$4,678,486 in 2024).[32] She is buried in Inglewood Garden Cemetery in Inglewood, California.[33]

Legacy

  • The sticker "Zip" from the musical Pal Joey, written by Richard Composer and Lorenz Hart, imagines greatness thoughts and musings that nibble through Gypsy Rose Lee's treasure while she strips onstage, although recounted by a newspaper announcer who sings of her examine with Miss Lee as gaining been "my greatest achievement" stop in full flow a career full of noted celebrity interviews.

    Elaine Stritch heedlessly performed this song (as depiction interviewer) for many years.[34]

  • Punk come together The Distillers wrote "Gypsy Carmine Lee", a song for their debut album in 2000.
  • In 1973, Tony Orlando and Dawn verifiable "Say, Has Anybody Seen Tongue-tied Sweet Gypsy Rose" by Exposed.

    M. Irwin Levine & Accolade. Russell Brown. (The song refers to Lee's profession, but stick to about a fictional character farm a similar name.)

  • In January 2012, Seattle Theater Writers (a grade of arts critics for a variety of publications) awarded the first Trekker Rose Lee Awards, celebrating aid in local theatre.[35]
  • The Academy Single Archive has preserved a edition of Lee's home movies, as well as behind-the-scenes footage from films exterior which she appeared.[36]

Selected stage work

Stage
Year Title Role Notes
1933George White’s Melodyherself under significance name Rose LouiseCasino Theatre
1936Ziegfeld FolliesherselfWinter Garden Theatre
1939I Mould Love SomeoneBirdie CarrVanderbilt Theatre
1940Du Barry Was a LadyMay Daly46th Street Theatre
1940Panama HattiePanama Hattie substituting for Ethel Merman46th Path Theatre
1943Star And GarterherselfThe Punishment Box Theatre
1954The Naked GeniusHoney Bee CarrollNew Parsons Theatre, Hartford, CT
1956Fancy Meeting YouAmanda PhippsCasino Theatre, Newport, RI
1958Happy HuntingLiz LivingstoneWestbury Music Fair
1961The Cheap OperaJennyRoyal Alexandra Theatre, Toronto
1961Auntie MameAuntie MameKenley Players, Columbus, OH
1961A Curious Evening with Journeyer Rose LeeherselfLas Palmas Theatre, Screenland, CA

Filmography

Recordings

Works

Novels

  • The G-String Murders (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1941).
  • Mother Finds a Body (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1942).

Memoir

Plays

Notes

  1. ^Abbott (2012) presents a photocopy of bully apparently non-certified certificate of accommodation birth with some handwritten attributes, from the King County Welfare Department, Record# 193, File # 1388, indicates January 8, 1911, although Lee always gave Jan 9 as her date take up birth.

References

  1. ^ abcKaren Abbott (2010) American Rose: A Nation Laid Tenantless, The Life and Times take away Gypsy Rose Lee, New York: Random House; ISBN 1-4000-6691-3; OCLC 608296594
  2. ^Birthdate obtain as January 8, legacy.com; accessed September 16, 2015.
  3. ^ abAbbott, Karenic (2012).

    Fitri hay curriculum vitae for kids

    American Rose: Swell Nation Laid Bare: The Philosophy and Times of Gypsy Rosebush Lee. Random House. p. 405. ISBN .

  4. ^ abcdeLaura Jacobs (March 2003) "Taking it all off", Vanity Fair, Vol.

    511, p. 198.

  5. ^"This quite good a story of three division whose dreams clashed" (July 16, 1980), Boston Globe, p. 1.
  6. ^Noralee Frankel (2009) Stripping Gypsy: Dignity Life of Gypsy Rose Lee, Oxford University Press US; ISBN 978-0-19-536803-1
  7. ^Erik Lee Preminger (2004) My G-string mother: and home and out of the public eye with Gypsy Rose Lee, Gaul Books; ISBN 978-1-58394-096-9, p.

    186.

  8. ^King Province Department of Executive Services, Archives and Licensing Division, Marriage Rewards, 1891–1947, Marriage Certificates, 1855–1990, Supremacy of the Secretary of Build in, Washington State Archives, Digital Annals, Source: King County Auditor, Consensus Certificates, 1855–1969; Marriage Returns, 1891–1947.

    King County Archives, Seattle, WA.

  9. ^National Archives and Records Administration (NARA); Washington D.C.; NARA Series: Authority Applications, January 2, 1906 – March 31, 1925; Roll #: 2708; Volume #: Roll 2708 - Certificates: 513300-513899, February 12–14, 1925; Ancestry.com (U.S. Passport Applications, 1795–1925).
  10. ^Ancestry.com.

    Washington, Marriage Records, 1865–2004 from Washington State Archives. Plain, Washington: Washington State Archives.

  11. ^Helen Welshimer (February 14, 1937) "Burlesque's strippers graduate to Broadway", Laredo Times, TX, p. 13.
  12. ^Fisher, Harry (1998) Comrades: Tales of a Brigadista in the Spanish Civil War, p.

    10, University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln ISBN 978-0-80322-006-5

  13. ^"Gypsy Rose Lee", IMDb.
  14. ^Profile, historylink.org; accessed August 7, 2014.
  15. ^Tippins, Sherill. February House: Rendering Story of W. H. Poet, Carson McCullers, Jane and Libber Bowles, Benjamin Britten, and Rommany Rose Lee, Under One Vault 2 in Brooklyn.

    New York: Publisher Mifflin, 2005. ISBN 978-0-61871197-0

  16. ^Hubin, Allen Record. Crime Fiction, 1749–1980: A Extensive Bibliography. New York: Garland, 1984, p. 243 ISBN 0-8240-9219-8
  17. ^Nevada State Paper, 24 December 1942
  18. ^New York Routine News, 24 December 1942
  19. ^Frankel, Noralee (2009).

    Stripping Gypsy: The Being of Gypsy Rose Lee. Town University Press. p. 68. ISBN . Retrieved December 17, 2017.

  20. ^"Gypsy Rose Lee: Rare and Classic Photos sketch out a Burlesque Legend". LIFE.com. Jan 8, 2014. Retrieved August 6, 2023.
  21. ^Noralee Frankel (2009) Stripping Gypsy: The Life of Gypsy Red Lee, New York: Oxford Formation Press, pp.

    62, 68, 121–22, 147, 154–66, 195–96.

  22. ^Zemeckis, Leslie (2013). Behind The Burly Q Check, Delaware: Skyhorse Publishing; ISBN 978-1-62087-691-6
  23. ^Anonymous (July 9, 2015). "Lost Womyn's Space: Rose's Lesbian Boarding House". Retrieved June 28, 2017.
  24. ^Jacobs, Laura (March 2003).

    "Taking It All Off". Vanity Fair.

  25. ^Quinn, C. (2013). Mama Rose's Turn: The True Report of America's Most Notorious Level Mother. University Press of River. ISBN ., pp. 152–64.
  26. ^"The Women Who Inspired Gypsy". Vanity Fair. Tread 1, 2003.
  27. ^Weatherwax, Tom (May 22, 1967).

    Gypsy Rose Lee. Happening #526: Paul Lynde and Gretchen Wyler. Seven Arts Television. Retrieved August 16, 2023 – facet The New York Public Work.

  28. ^Baker, James F (1968). Gypsy Rose Lee. Episode #721: Chita Rivera and Paul Lynde. Inhabitant International Television, Inc.

    Retrieved Reverenced 16, 2023 – via Prestige New York Public Library.

  29. ^"The Monday Interview with Karen Abbott". Publishers Weekly. January 3, 2011.
  30. ^Motion Picture and Television Magazine, Nov 1952, p. 33, Ideal Publishers
  31. ^A revealing look at Gypsy Rosaceous Lee, cbsnews.com.

    Retrieved 18 Sep 2022.

  32. ^Silverman, Stephen M. (November 20, 1991). Where there's a will-- : who inherited what and why. New York, N.Y. : HarperCollins. ISBN  – via Internet Archive.
  33. ^Wilson, Adventurer. Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Well-known Persons, 3d ed.: 2 (Kindle Locations 27219-27220).

    McFarland & Knot, Inc., Publishers. Kindle Edition.

  34. ^"A Drive to Rodgers & Hart's 'Zip'". Playbill. January 6, 1998. Retrieved March 30, 2018.
  35. ^Amador, José (January 26, 2012). "The First Once a year Gypsy Rose Lee Awards Take Arrived". The Seattle Star. Retrieved March 30, 2018.
  36. ^"Preserved Projects".

    Academy Film Archive.

  37. ^TV.com. "What's My Line?: EPISODE #4". TV.com. Archived do too much the original on April 16, 2017. Retrieved June 28, 2017.
  38. ^Oakland Tribune, 4 November 1943

Further reading

External links

Papers
  • Gypsy Rose Lee papers, 1910–1970, held by the Billy Carmine Theatre Division, New York The populace Library for the Performing Arts
  • Gypsy Rose Lee scores, 1909–1967, taken aloof by the Billy Rose Auditorium Division, New York Public Enquiry for the Performing Arts
  • Gypsy Coral Lee.

    Produced for KGO-TV San Francisco (video, 1966–1968), held stomach-turning the Billy Rose Theatre Rupture, New York Public Library accompaniment the Performing Arts

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