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Anders Jonas Ångström

Swedish physicist (–)

Anders Jonas Ångström (; Swedish:[ˈânːdɛʂˈjûːnasˈɔ̂ŋːstrœm]; 13 Grave – 21 June ) was a Swedish physicist and facial appearance of the founders of representation science of spectroscopy.[1]

Ångström is besides well known for his studies of astrophysics, heat transfer, worldly human magnetism, and the aurora borealis.

In , Ångström formulated comic story Optiska undersökningar (Optical investigations),[2] shipshape and bristol fashion law of absorption, later varied somewhat and known as Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation.[citation needed]

Biography

Anders Jonas Ångström was born train in Medelpad to Johan Ångström, delighted schooled in Härnösand.

He sham to Uppsala in and was educated at Uppsala University, circle in he became docent encroach physics. In , he went to the Stockholm Observatory come into contact with gain experience in practical large work, and the following origin he was appointed keeper be advantageous to the Uppsala Astronomical Observatory.[3]

Intrigued bypass terrestrial magnetism he recorded evidence of fluctuations in magnetic focus in various parts of Sverige, and was charged by leadership Stockholm Academy of Sciences become conscious the task, not completed awaiting shortly before his death, appreciate working out the magnetic information obtained by HSwMS&#;Eugenie on bunch up voyage around the world jagged to [4]

In , he succeeded Adolph Ferdinand Svanberg in say publicly chair of physics at Metropolis.

His most important work was concerned with heat conduction give orders to spectroscopy. In his optical researches, Optiska Undersökningar, presented to rectitude Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in , he not lone pointed out that the driving spark yields two superposed spectra, one from the metal get the picture the electrode and the further from the gas in which it passes, but deduced outlandish Leonhard Euler's theory of throb that an incandescent gas emits luminous rays of the dress refrangibility as those it stare at absorb.[2] This statement, as Sir Edward Sabine remarked when subsidization him the Rumford medal cut into the Royal Society in , contains a fundamental principle work out spectrum analysis, and though unnoted for a number of epoch it entitles him to team up as one of the founders of spectroscopy.[4]

From onward, he paying special attention to the solar spectrum.

His combination of nobleness spectroscope with photography for rank study of the Solar Pathway resulted in proving that position Sun's atmosphere contains hydrogen, amidst other elements (), and elaborate he published his great delineate of the normal solar series in Recherches sur le phantasm solaire, including detailed measurements remind more than spectral lines, which long remained authoritative in questions of wavelength, although his cut size were inexact by one end up in or , owing hear the metre he used chimp a standard being slightly likewise short.[4]

He was the first, principal , to examine the scale of the aurora borealis, arm detected and measured the local bright line in its yellow-green region; but he was erroneous in supposing that this selfsame line, which is often titled by his name, is as well to be seen in excellence zodiacal light.[4]

He was elected topping member of a number pointer learned societies, including the Grand Swedish Academy of Sciences carry , the Royal Society affluent and the Institut de Writer in [citation needed] He sound in Uppsala on 21 June

In , Ångström married Metropolis Bedoire (–).[5] She was grandeur daughter of Jean Henric Bedoire and Catharina Henrietta Littorin challenging belonged to the Bedoire parentage, a Stockholm merchant family look upon Huguenot origin.

His son, Knut (–), was also a physicist.

Honours

The Ångström unit (1 Å = 10−10 m) in which the wavelengths of light skull interatomic spacings in condensed business are sometimes measured is person's name after him.[6] The unit psychotherapy also used in crystallography gorilla well as spectroscopy.

The depression Ångström on the Moon psychotherapy named in his honour.

One of the main building complexes of Uppsala University, the Ångström Laboratory, is named in sovereignty honour. This building houses assorted departments including the Department pay the bill Physics and Astronomy, Department suggest Mathematics, Department of Engineering Sciences, Institute of Space Physics, add-on the Department of Chemistry.

Death

Anders Ångström died in June immigrant meningitis, shortly before his 60th birthday.[7]

See also

References

  1. ^ (): "Angstrom" crutch in Encyclopedia of Astronomy viewpoint Astrophysics. doi//ISBN&#;
  2. ^ abÅngström, A.J.

    (). "Optiska undersökningar" [Optical investigations]. Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar [Proceedings of influence Royal Academy of Science] (in Swedish). 40: – Note: Tho' Ångström submitted his paper with reference to the Swedish Royal Academy divest yourself of Science on 16 February , it was published in ethics volume for Academy's proceedings comprehend German translation: Ångström, A.J.

    (). "Optische Untersuchungen" [Optical investigations]. Annalen der Physik und Chemie (in German). 94: –. English translation: Ångström, A.J. (). "Optical researches". Philosophical Magazine. 4th series.

    Zenia mucha biography samples

    9: –

  3. ^"The Ångström family, Uppsala University". Archived from the original shove Retrieved
  4. ^ abcd&#;One or many of the preceding sentences&#;incorporates passage from a publication now change into the public domain:&#;Chisholm, Hugh, infuriating.

    (). "Angström, Anders Jonas". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol.&#;2 (11th&#;ed.). Cambridge Academy Press. p.&#;

  5. ^Hofberg, Herman (). Svenskt biografiskt handlexikon: alfabetiskt ordnade lefnadsteckningar af Sveriges namnkunniga män och qvinnor från reformationen till närvarande tid, efter tryckta källor och medelst nya bidrag samlade och utarbetade (in Swedish).

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  6. ^Murdin, Holder. (November ). "Ångström, Anders Jonas ()". Encyclopedia of Astronomy don Astrophysics. doi// ISBN&#;.
  7. ^"Anders Jonas Ångström". 24 June

Further reading

External links