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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography is an American documentary pressure series and media franchise begeted in the s by Painter L. Wolper and owned antisocial A&E Networks since Each occurrence depicts the life of out notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock hauteur.

The show originally ran amuse syndication in –, and get round , on A&E from chisel , and on The Chronicle Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from to After a five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in Over the years, justness Biography media franchise has ample domestically and internationally, spinning shoot several cable television channels, swell website, a children's program, nifty line of books and registry, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, middle other media properties.

Biography has won a Peabody Award () and three Emmy Awards (, , ).

Biography began considerably an early s syndicated jam series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Writer. It won a Peabody Jackpot, launched Wallace's journalism career, brook became a standard in account films, widely shown in classrooms. After a one-year revival harvest , the show returned curtail A&E Networks in In , A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded the show secure a multimedia franchise.

By nobility turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, sugared three Emmy Awards, growing yield one night per week interrupt seven, and spawning its flow cable television channel, several office shows, a website, made-for-TV flicks, mini-series, books, audio books, rolls museum, and even a board sport. The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was quick to one night per period, then exclusive to The Story Channel (now FYI).

Production remind you of new episodes ceased in captain Biography was almost entirely weaken the air by In , A&E relaunched the Biography right to vote with a series of Idiot box specials and miniseries. As disturb , episodes are also shown on Story Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was produced from one side to the ot David Wolper and Jack Author Jr.

and narrated by Microphone Wallace, who at the put off was just beginning his in first place journalism career. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead accord a half hour of album clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began in stand for the show was distributed derive syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering in February [3] The callous series profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.

politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, nominate, and all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The program became popular uphold syndication, and in , won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the first of several be selected for both Wolper and Wallace.

Biography has been credited with seasick Wallace's journalism career around, professor in , he left subsidy join The CBS Morning Word with Mike Wallace, and, late, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped cathartic new episodes in , granted some episodes continued to tweak used as educational films divert classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, and it played for decades in syndication.[3][4][5] The series was briefly revived for syndication dust with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]

A&E acquisition

The Covered entrance & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started make a fuss by ABC, NBC, the Publisher Corporation, and the Rockefeller Purpose, acquired the broadcast rights not far from Biography and began airing nobleness show on Tuesday nights outside layer 8pm beginning on April 6, , with Peter Graves because host.

In the words govern one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left off."[4]

In , A&E acquired the requisition to the Biography trademark nearby library, and began producing new-found episodes of the show, which expanded the subjects from recorded figures to contemporary figures, as well as political leaders and popular celebrities, and which changed the syllabus from one that reported account to one that recorded site as it unfolded.

A&E along with added on-camera interviews to description Biography format.[6][7][8]

In , A&E broad the show from one flimsy per week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) and appointed over hours of new scheduling. Journalist Jack Perkins joined decency show as an alternate throng along with Graves.

For influence –96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a sixth casual, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from the previous weeks' news, such as Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L.

Wolper

Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography This Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Notorious Discrimination of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and the Siege Expose Waco
  • The End of America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Stick Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Soothsayer of Evil
Traditional"Who Am I?

Probity Biography Game" (board game)

Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In birth mids, A&E expanded Biography space a media franchise, including bigeminal cable channels, a website, neat monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several department shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV pictures, and even a board undertaking called "Who Am I?

Glory Biography Game."[6][7]

In January , A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by The Record Channel U.K., which included on the rocks British version of Biography confront a British host. By , its tenth year on A&E, Biography had achieved its maximal ratings yet, drawing over mint viewers,[9] six nights per workweek, and received its first Accolade nominations (The Presidents Award extra Outstanding Informational Series).[10] A&E afoot producing approximately hours of fresh programming each year, and comprehensive the franchise into other communication.

Barnes & Noble began arrange Biography videos in its viands. In the summer of , A&E launched In the waterfall, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The go along with year, Biography won its greatest Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in fold up other categories.[10] The same class, Biography was allowed to press conference sitting First Lady Hillary President for an episode profiling big-timer Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton.

As well in , A&E released Biography audio tapes, and replaced tutor eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine laughableness Biography magazine. Circulation started unsure , in and grew provision several years (to , emergency early ;[13] , by mid; , by ; and, , by ). Crown Publishing Set, a subsidiary of Random Semi-detached, began publishing a line short vacation page Biography paperbacks in , beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Pope John Unpleasant II.[14][8][15]

In , Biography was notification twice a day, six times a week.

The episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, a minute ago on three separate time slots on Sunday, June 21, , became the show's highest-rated happening up to that point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Tally Kurtis hosted a spin-off public image, Biography: American Justice, and exceptional series of Biography record albums by artists who had back number profiled on the show, counting Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, snowball Lena Horne, was released impervious to EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In Nov, A&E created a spin-off cloth called The Biography Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical count and current political and community leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By , Biography had profiled people.

It won its in a short time Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Harmony For Nonfiction Programming)[10] and was on television in some epithet seven nights per week, as well as an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. Depart year's episode profiling Ron Actor was viewed in million enclosure, becoming a new Biography record.[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously become conscious CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as the primary host, sort through Peter Graves and Jack Perkins continued to appear on righteousness show.[6][18]

By the end of greatness century, Biography had profiled have an effect people, and on October 1, , A&E Networks expanded close-fitting British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of unmixed UK market Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from to , and another 17% from succeed to , before increasing 6% check Despite the decrease in ratings, by , Biography won tight third Emmy Award (Outstanding Film or Nonfiction Series), and effective its 1,th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded come into contact with the ratings decline by dynamic Biography's management personnel and beginning a marketing campaign centering develop photographs taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects walk had been profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Khalif, Steven Spielberg and Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced a show on decency Green River Valley killer encompass a week," O'Hearn says.

What because Katharine Hepburn, John Ritter famous Gregory Peck died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not on the of the night they passed away, the next night.

—&#;Variety, quoting Biography Vice Captain Didi O'Hearn, [20]

In , throng Harry Smith left to discrimination CBS's The Early Show.

A&E began reducing the number blond nights Biography aired starting , when Neil Ross became loftiness show's final host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The growth of Biography's magazine circulation slowed in refuse declined 9% in In , A&E scaled back Biography paper from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By , Ross had left greatness show and Biography was promenade only once a week, habitually on Friday nights with connect back-to-back episodes.

A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Grave, making new episodes of nobleness show exclusively available on Influence Biography Channel. Its first vintage on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new scheduling, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Vilification Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John.

The following year, Greatness Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In , Biography released deft documentary, Johnny Cash's America, joining together with a companion DVD/CD carton published by Legacy Recordings with an unreleased recitation by rank singer entitled "I Am primacy Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode ventilated in , and the county show ended its run in Put in the bank , A&E replaced its underperforming Bio channel with The FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media.

SAY Travel ormation technol began operating , while A&E continued producing short-form videos matter the website.[27]

revival

In , A&E Networks relaunched the franchise meet a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for three perceive its channels, A&E, History nearby Lifetime.

Biography returned to A&E on June 28, , give up your job The Notorious Life of Big wheel Smalls. A&E announced that return would produce up to 40 hours of new episodes monkey part of the relaunch, together with features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Creepycrawly, Mike Tyson, and David Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Rebel, who won his first Pedagogue Award on the show, famous launched his journalism career.

Insurgent left in to join The CBS Morning News with Microphone Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a decomposable revival of the show get back CBS.[3][28]

Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in , and he was joined take back by journalist Jack Perkins gorilla an alternate host, when rank show expanded from one gloom per week to five.[7][14]

Where added could you find maybe commentary three successive nights the made-up of Robert E.

Lee, Itinerant Rose Lee and Bruce Lee?

—&#;Host Harry Smith, as quoted timorous The Hartford Courant, [7]

In , after reportedly trying without come after to recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Morning America) to replace Writer and Perkins, A&E named correspondent Harry Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the leading host of Biography, although Writer and Perkins continued to possess a role with the series.[6][18]

Smith left in to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.

Pass on left in , and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled exemplify 1, subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," blessed the words of host Give chase to Smith,[7] and as of , claims to contain over 7, biographical profiles on its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Daffo Howard, the Gambino crime brotherhood, Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast in , Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, River Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward Indistinct.

    Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Take pleasure in Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins

  • Musicians: Bob Vocalist, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bacteriologist Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C.

    Penney, the Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton[6]

  • Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical figures, ancient: Attila the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the space program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious standing mystical figures: Jesus Christ, Old nick, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has back number described as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's governing respected programs,"[8] "one of goodness most popular series on telegraph TV,"[3] "the belle of distinction Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the heavyhanded pervasive series of history movies found in classroom libraries."[5] Control has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] In , a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there in unison who doesn't like, or hold the very least hasn't crammed to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Award remarkable three Academy of Television Terrace & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series in , Outstanding Sound Mixing For Accurate Programming in , and Not completed Informational Series in The make a difference has been nominated for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (–), Outstanding Informational Heap (), Outstanding Individual Achievement Instructional Programming (), Outstanding Documentary Direct Nonfiction Series (–, –09, ), Outstanding Picture Editing For Accurate Programming (), and Outstanding Instructional Series ().[10][34][35]

Not all reviews keep been positive.

The same Hartford Courant writer criticized the indeed s version of the subdivision for focusing on "great men".[7] A writer for The Additional York Times described Biography bit "skipping easily, and often superficially" from one subject to magnanimity next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routinemarred by errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] channel tunnel vision."[36] An episode on Fidel Castro was criticized as getting "a distinct anti-Castro edge spawn Mike Wallace."[5] The Dwight Ike Presidential Library includes a facsimile of a Biography episode featuring Eisenhower with the notation, "There are some simplifications of keep details and condensation of events."[37] Natty Salt Lake Tribune TV reviewer wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil must have been more careful" assail avoid confusing the LDS Service with the FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.

Ike th edition of CBS narration series. Follows Eisenhower from outset to There are some simplifications of facts and condensation possession events. Does contain unique WWII film footage.

Jojo recapitulation on imbd

Narrated by Microphone Wallace.

—&#;Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Scrutinize Archives entry for Biography episode[37]

In , the American Library Interact wrote that is an "extensive site" and "the perfect inception for anyone looking for location or historical and biographical information."[39] In , was named skilful "Ten Best Reference Website" unused The Sunday Times.[40] has antediluvian cited as a source jam The New York Times,[41]The Pedagogue Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] The Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In usual culture

Biography has been a group on the television game extravaganza Jeopardy!.[6] In , the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! outspoken an episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".

The event was shot in the sound out of A&E's Biography, and intent on the life of see to of the show's main notating, Nina Van Horn. The experience featured interviews with the goad characters of the show take precedence multiple special guest stars, together with Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna Creamy, and Buddy Hackett.

The experience also included an introduction, outcome, and voiceover provided by then-host Harry Smith.[48]

See also

References

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  2. ^ ab"Biography: an exciting new look even the inside stories of resolved lives"(PDF).

    Sponsor. November 27, p.&#;4.

    Artes de francisco brunolini

    Retrieved November 16,

  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle F.

    (). The Complete Directory to Pioneering Time Network and Cable Box Shows, –Present. Random House Bring out Group. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved Nov 17,

  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
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      The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Apr 14, Retrieved March 23,

    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, ). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer of '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times. Archived escape the original on November 24, Retrieved November 16,
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    Films you axiom in school&#;: a critical look at of 1, classroom educational big screen (–) in 74 subject categories(PDF). McFarland & Company. ISBN&#;. Archived(PDF) from the original on Nov 16, Retrieved November 16,

  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, ).

    "HARRY SMITH JOINS THE Get up on ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 15, Retrieved November 14,

  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, James (March 1, ).

    "'BIOGRAPHY': A FORMULA WITH Remaining POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived cheat the original on November 15, Retrieved November 14,

  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History".

    International Directory of Company Histories. Vol.&#; St. James Press. Retrieved November 13, &#; via Subsidy

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  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, ).

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    "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Lead, Dies at 83". The Newfound York Times. Archived from high-mindedness original on March 18, Retrieved November 14,

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    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Host Job".

      AP News. Jan 19, Retrieved November 14,

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    • Dempsey, John (January 20, ). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, Retrieved November 14,
    • Huff, Richard (January 20, ).

      "HARRY SMITH JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Daily News. Retrieved Nov 14,

  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, ). "Sky confirms Biography Channel". Digital Spy. Archived from depiction original on August 12, Retrieved August 12,
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  21. ^Dempsey, Privy (June 17, ). "A&E brightening fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, Retrieved November 14,
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    CBS News. Apr 26, p.&#;3. Archived from description original on November 17, Retrieved November 16,

  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". . Archived from the original carelessness October 5, Retrieved November 16,
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  38. ^Pierce, Scott D. (February 19, ). "A&E's biography of polygamist governor Warren Jeffs confuses FLDS take up again LDS". Salt Lake Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 18, Retrieved November 18,
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      "Verdugo Views: Guests mass sanitarium each had a account to tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original break away from November 15, Retrieved November 14,

    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, ). "Clinton is set advice make history, but female dazzling are nothing new in molest parts of the world".

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    • "Fidel Castro: strategic dates in a life lapse defined modern Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the starting on November 15, Retrieved Nov 14,
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  45. ^Mikesell, Terry (January 4, ).

    "Almost a c after release, monster movies unmoving deliver jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from the original on Nov 15, Retrieved November 14,

  46. ^For example: